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Mission Expedition 20/21

Robert Thirsk

Mission description

Patch Expedition 20/21
Text version

This patch commemorates Canada's first long duration Expedition onboard the International Space Station (ISS). Canadian Space Agency (CSA) astronaut doctor (Dr.) Robert Thirsk will live and work in the Station for six months. Robert is an admirer of Pacific Northwest Indigenous art, and is honoured that Bill Helin, a renowned Tsimshian artist has accepted to portray his mission through the use of several of its mythical figures.

The ISS has now become the largest and most powerful spacecraft in history. As viewed from above, the ISS resembles a great soaring bird. The legendary Thunderbird is a creature of great power and strength and is featured as the central element of this patch design. It resembles the near-complete Station during the mid-2009 timeframe.

Several of the structural components of the ISS are abstractly depicted by anatomical elements of the Thunderbird. The Space Station's eight solar arrays are depicted by the outermost large feathers of the Thunderbird's great outstretched wings. The inner triplets of smaller feathers represent the thermal radiators that provide cooling to the Station's onboard systems and astronaut inhabitants. The head and beak represent the modules of the Japanese and European partners. Canada's contributions to the international partnership, the ISS robotic manipulators, are represented by the curled appendages on the back of the head. The blue ovoid of the Thunderbird's eye indicates the location of the Node 2 docking port, where the new Japanese transfer vehicle, (HTV), will be berthed with the aid of Canadarm2.

Human faces adorn each wing. These faces are identical in form and kinship. One face symbolizes the astronaut crew in orbit, while the other symbolizes the large support team on Earth. The two faces gaze with trust and respect at one another in their common pursuit of the Expedition objectives. This unique partnership between the crew and the ground support team is the basis of the first Canadian Expedition.

A bear head is stylistically depicted within the tail of the Thunderbird and signifies the Russian portion of the Station. The tail feathers identify the four Russian modules including the Mini-Research Module 2 (MRM2) module that will be added to the Station in late 2009. The Thunderbird's two claws are outstretched and symbolize they are ready to grasp the American, Russian and Japanese spacecraft that will dock with the Station during the Increment 20/21 timeframe.

The torso of the Thunderbird represents the American Laboratory as well as the laboratories of the partner nations. The ribs represent the research racks and experiment facilities - the settings for innovative research in science, engineering and medicine. The knowledge gained from the onboard research activities during Increments 20 and 21 will benefit people on Earth.

A radiating Sun occupies the position of the heart within the Thunderbird's torso. As the most important aboriginal symbol of life, the Sun represents the enhanced life support system, which now provides the Station with the capability to support a crew of six astronauts.

The silver outline of the Thunderbird recalls the glistening exterior of the Station when sunlight sparkles off of its aluminum structure. The golden yellow and brown of the wings are similar in the coloration to the Station's solar arrays.

The head of a Raven is depicted within the Moon. In its partially-open beak is a sun disk. It was the cunning Raven, according to Northwest Coast native legend, who stole the sun from a box in a powerful chief's house many years ago and flung it into the sky to bring light to the world for the first time.

While the Thunderbird is revered as the chief of Earth's skies, he has the heart of an explorer. His gaze is directed toward the Moon. He yearns to explore new destinations in space and to undertake new adventures. Similarly the first Canadian Expedition aboard the ISS rekindles a national spirit of exploration. Our enhanced abilities to live and work in space will enable Canada to participate with other nations in the exploration of future destinations in space.

This patch was designed by Tsimshian artist, Bill Helin, a friend and supporter of the Canadian space program.

Patch Expedition 20/21. (Credit: Canadian Space Agency)


Launch

Date: May 27, 2009

Time: 6:34 a.m. EDT)

Site: Baikonur launch site, Republic of Kazakhstan.


Landing

Date: December 1, 2009

Time: 2:15 a.m. EDT

Site: Near the town of Arkalyk, Republic of Kazakhstan.


Mission duration: 187 days, 20 h 39 min

Flight number: Expedition 20/21

Orbiter vehicle: Soyuz rocket

On , Canadian astronaut Robert (Bob) Thirsk launched in a Russian Soyuz vehicle from Baikonur, Kazakhstan, undertaking a six-month stay on the International Space Station (ISS).

Expedition 20/21 represents a milestone for the Canadian space program, since it was the first time a Canadian took part in a long-duration mission aboard the ISS.

It also marked the very first time that the ISS realized its full potential: six astronauts living and working together in the world's largest orbiting microgravity scientific laboratory. Until then, the ISS had provided residency to a maximum of a three-person crew on a permanent basis.

Mission Expedition 20/21 crew members

Mission Expedition 20/21 crewmembers

From left to right: Robert Brent Thirsk, Roman Yurievich Romanenko and Frank De Winne. (Credit: Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center)

During this mission, Robert Thirsk assumed responsibility for the maintenance and repair of the ISS, while conducting experiments on behalf of Canadian and international researchers.

In addition to being appointed Crew Medical Officer, Thirsk was Mission Specialist for Kibo, the on-board Japanese Experiment Facility. He was also a flight engineer and robotics specialist, operating Canadarm2. Finally, Thirsk's duty to perform scientific experiments and demonstrate new Canadian technologies led to advances in knowledge on behalf of the Canadian and international scientific community.

Canadian astronaut Bob Thirsk training in a Soyuz Capsule simulator. (Credit: CSA)

One of the ways in which Expedition 20/21 differed from all previous long-duration missions is the magnitude and scope of science undertaken on the ISS. During this mission, Robert Thirsk conducted at least seven Canadian experiments.

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