
The ISS is a joint project shared among the space agencies of Canada, the United States, Japan, Europe, and Russia.
ISS crew members receive basic training at their respective space agencies before proceeding to advanced training.
During ISS advanced training, expedition astronauts receive training in all space station onboard systems and participate in cross-cultural training. Each international partner provides training for their contribution to the ISS to all expedition astronauts. For example, the CSA trains all expedition astronauts on the Mobile Servicing System (MSS), which consists of three main elements: the Canadarm2, the mobile base and Dextre.
Expedition astronauts begin ISS Advanced Crew Training approximately 12 months before the start of expedition specific training. Meanwhile, all visiting crew members and space-flight participants undergo a basic customized ISS training program.